DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. NSDb vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. NSDb vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app development

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	5.59
Rank	#63	Overall
	#7	Search engines

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.74
Rank	#105	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/spanner

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/search

nsdb.io

rethinkdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/search

nsdb.io/Architecture

rethinkdb.com/docs

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Google

Microsoft

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Initial release

2012

2017

2015

2017

2009

Current release

2.4.1, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Scala

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
Java
JavaScript
Python

Java
Scala

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

Triggers

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

range based

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

Atomic single-document operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC based

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Using Apache Lucene

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes

using Azure authentication

yes

users and table-level permissions

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