DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Valentina Server vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Valentina Server vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Object-relational database and reports server

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	0.21
Rank	#325	Overall
	#144	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

dgraph.io

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.valentina-db.net

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

dgraph.io/docs

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

valentina-db.com/docs/dokuwiki/v5/doku.php

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

Paradigma Software

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2012

2016

1999

2019

Current release

5.7.5

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
Java
PHP

.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

Transact SQL

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Planned for future releases

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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