DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Dgraph vs. Lovefield vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Dgraph vs. Lovefield vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

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Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

dgraph.io

google.github.io/lovefield

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

dgraph.io/docs

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2016

2014

Current release

2.1.12, February 2017

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

JavaScript

Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

Triggers

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

none

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Planned for future releases

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