DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.datomic.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

nsdb.io

realm.io

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.datomic.com

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

nsdb.io/Architecture

realm.io/docs

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Cognitect

Microsoft

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2012

2016

2017

2014

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

Java, Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
macOS

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Clojure
Java

C#
Java
PHP

Java
Scala

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

Transaction Functions

Transact SQL

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

Using Apache Lucene

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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