DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. CockroachDB vs. Kinetica vs. Snowflake vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. CockroachDB vs. Kinetica vs. Snowflake vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	0.64
Rank	#236	Overall
	#109	Relational DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.kinetica.com

www.snowflake.com

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

docs.kinetica.com

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Cockroach Labs

Kinetica

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Mireo

Initial release

2012

2015

2012

2014

2020

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

7.1, August 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

triggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

yes

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Source-replica replication

yes

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

GPU vRAM or System RAM

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles on table level

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

yes

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