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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. H2 vs. Heroic

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. H2 vs. Heroic

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.25
Rank#38  Overall
#23  Relational DBMS
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#335  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.citusdata.comwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroic
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.citusdata.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlspotify.github.io/­heroic
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Thomas MuellerSpotify
Initial release2012201020052014
Current release8.1, December 20182.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCCJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAll OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearch
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftCitusH2Heroic
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Recent citations in the news

AWS Weekly Roundup: Amazon EC2 X8g Instances, Amazon Q generative SQL for Amazon Redshift, AWS SDK for Swift, and more (Sep 23, 2024) | Amazon Web Services
23 September 2024, AWS Blog

Amazon Redshift now supports enhanced VPC routing warehouses in zero-ETL integration
16 September 2024, AWS Blog

Amazon Redshift Serverless is now available in the AWS Asia Pacific (Hong Kong) and Israel (Tel Aviv) Regions
12 September 2024, AWS Blog

Amazon Redshift Serverless now supports AWS PrivateLink
30 August 2024, AWS Blog

Amazon RDS for MySQL zero-ETL integration with Amazon Redshift, now generally available, enables near real-time analytics
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provided by Google News

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale
24 January 2019, Microsoft

Ubicloud wants to build an open source alternative to AWS
5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, creators of a cloud-friendly version of the PostgreSQL database
24 January 2019, GeekWire

Microsoft buys an open source database startup to give it an edge against Amazon Web Services
24 January 2019, Business Insider

Microsoft acquires another open-source company, Citus Data
24 January 2019, CNBC

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