DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. DuckDB vs. Kingbase

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. DuckDB vs. Kingbase

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	0.50
Rank	#257	Overall
	#119	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.citusdata.com

duckdb.org

www.kingbase.com.cn

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.citusdata.com

duckdb.org/docs

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

BeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.

Initial release

2012

2010

2018

1999

Current release

8.1, December 2018

1.0.0, June 2024

V8.0, August 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

server-less

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

Standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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