DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. NuoDB vs. openGauss vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. NuoDB vs. openGauss vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by Huawei

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.94
Rank	#197	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	1.06
Rank	#184	Overall
	#84	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

gitee.com/opengauss
opengauss.org

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

doc.nuodb.com

docs.opengauss.org/en
gitee.com/opengauss/docs

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Huawei and openGauss community

8Kdata

Initial release

2012

2013

2019

2016

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.0, March 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C, C++, Java

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

ANSI SQL 2011

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Java, SQL

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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