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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Kinetica vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Kinetica vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.66
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.orgwww.kinetica.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasegithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.kinetica.comdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaKineticaDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.8Kdata
Initial release20122013201220132016
Current release4.1.0, June 20227.1, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++C, C++C++Java
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinuxhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsJava, SQL
Triggersnonoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID infotunable commit protocolno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users and roles on table levelStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftApache ImpalaKineticaNuoDBToroDB
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