DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. GigaSpaces vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. GigaSpaces vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

High performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented Transactions

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Values are user defined objects

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

Graph DBMS
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Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.03
Rank	#188	Overall
	#32	Document stores
	#6	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.94
Rank	#197	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org

www.gigaspaces.com

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.gigaspaces.com/latest/landing.html

doc.nuodb.com

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Gigaspaces Technologies

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

8Kdata

Initial release

2012

2013

2000

2013

2016

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

15.5, September 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial licenses available

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java, C++, .Net

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

XML can be used for describing objects metadata

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-99 for query and DML statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes, event driven architecture

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication

synchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication

synchronous or asynchronous

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Map-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executors

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANY

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Role-based access control

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

Access rights for users and roles

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