DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. LokiJS vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak TS vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. LokiJS vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak TS vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Riak TS is a distributed NoSQL database optimized for time series data and based on Riak KV

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Document store

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.20
Rank	#119	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	0.20
Rank	#319	Overall
	#27	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#358	Overall
	#36	Graph DBMS
	#16	Object oriented DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.postgresql.org

velocitydb.com

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

www.postgresql.org/docs

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/ts/latest

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

Developer

Amazon

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Open Source, formerly Basho Technologies

VelocityDB Inc

Initial release

2017

2014

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2015

2011

Current release

16.3, May 2024

3.0.0, September 2022

7.x

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

JavaScript

Erlang

Server operating systems

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X

Any that supports .NET

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

yes, limited

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

.Net

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

JavaScript

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Erlang

Triggers

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

none

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

links between datasets can be stored

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Based on Windows Authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources

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Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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