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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudIn-memory JavaScript DBMSGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunegithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcestechfort.github.io/­LokiJSlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2017201420141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release16.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptC
Server operating systemshostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyes infovia viewsyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JavaScript APIDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions in JavaScriptJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.noneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyeswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneLokiJSMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPostgreSQL
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