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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SingleStore vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SingleStore vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesWidely used in-process key-value storeMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.leanxcale.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.singlestore.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.singlestore.com
DeveloperAmazonLeanXcaleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSingleStore Inc.8Kdata
Initial release20172015199420132016
Current release18.1.40, May 20208.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++, GoJava
Server operating systemshostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes
Triggersnoyes infoonly for the SQL APInono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infohash partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLToroDB
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLToroDB
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