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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. LeanXcale vs. OpenSearch vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. LeanXcale vs. OpenSearch vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonOpenSearch  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesA distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache LuceneWidely used in-process key-value storeWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Search engineKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsVector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score16.36
Rank#37  Overall
#4  Search engines
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.leanxcale.comgithub.com/­opensearch-project
opensearch.org
www.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesopensearch.org/­docs/­latestdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonLeanXcaleAmazon Web ServicesOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OraclePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20172015202119941989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release2.5.0, January 202318.1.40, May 202016.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
  • Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infothrough Apache DerbySQL-like query languageyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby infoElasticsearch client
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneLeanXcaleOpenSearchOracle Berkeley DBPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsOpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more
Competitive advantagesDistributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more
Typical application scenariosThe OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsThe OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneLeanXcaleOpenSearchOracle Berkeley DBPostgreSQL
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