DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. eXtremeDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Milvus vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. eXtremeDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Milvus vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#112	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	0.73
Rank	#227	Overall
	#104	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.15
Rank	#339	Overall
	#33	Graph DBMS

Score	1.81
Rank	#144	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Score	1234.27
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

www.mcobject.com

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

milvus.io

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Amazon

McObject

Baidu

Oracle

Initial release

2017

2001

2018

2019

1980

Current release

8.2, 2021

0.9

2.3.4, January 2024

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

C and C++

Java

C++, Go

C and C++

Server operating systems

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Unix

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

support of XML interfaces available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

Groovy
Java
Python

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

by defining events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning / sharding

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

edges in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Users, roles and permissions

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing models

For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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