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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Rdb

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Rdb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the clouddata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.14
Rank#178  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunehive.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.html
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.html
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
Initial release2017201220101984
Current release3.1.3, April 2022V127.4.1.1, 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedHP Open VMS
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQL
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication factoryes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDyes, on a single node
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneHiveMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Rdb
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