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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. OrientDB vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. H2 vs. OrientDB vs. Solr

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.h2database.comorientdb.orgsolr.apache.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlsolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperAmazonThomas MuellerOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPApache Software Foundation
Initial release2017200520102006
Current release2.2.220, July 20233.2.29, March 20249.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query language, no joinsSolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, JavascriptJava plugins
TriggersnoyesHooksyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesspark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableyes

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneH2OrientDBSolr
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