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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#112  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score9.23
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score29.85
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score0.09
Rank#351  Overall
#47  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunegreenplum.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.greenplum.orglearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazonPivotal Software Inc.MicrosoftJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2017200520142019
Current release7.0.0, September 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageClojure
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2no
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query languagelimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesJavaScriptno
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyeswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGreenplumMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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