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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Microsofts flagship relational DBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score4.83
Rank#67  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunegithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesgraphite.readthedocs.iodeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accesslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperAmazonChris DavisMicrosoftMicrosoftStardog-Union
Initial release20172006199219892010
Current release1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019SQL Server 2022, November 20227.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoBundled with Microsoft Officecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languagePythonC++C++Java
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsLinux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnonoyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
HTTP API
Sockets
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnonoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.nonenoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infolockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nono infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGraphiteMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft SQL ServerStardog
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