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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. GraphDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. PostGIS

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. GraphDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. PostGIS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesWidely used in-process key-value storeSpatial extension of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Spatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.17
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.89
Rank#93  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#3  RDF stores
Score0.28
Rank#285  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#130  Relational DBMS
Score1.91
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score19.62
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.ontotext.comwww.leanxcale.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlpostgis.net
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlpostgis.net/­documentation
Social network pagesGitHubLinkedInTwitterMediumYouTube
DeveloperAmazonOntotextLeanXcaleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20172000201519942005
Current release10.4, October 202318.1.40, May 20203.4.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL v2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionyes
Secondary indexesnoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynouser defined functions
Triggersnonoyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneyes infobased on PostgreSQL
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replicationSource-replica replicationyes infobased on PostgreSQL
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoConstraint checkingyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.noyes infobased on PostgreSQL
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBPostGIS
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBPostGIS
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