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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. RDFox vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. RDFox vs. SingleStore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.22
Rank#305  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#15  RDF stores
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.oxfordsemantic.techwww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.oxfordsemantic.techdocs.singlestore.com
DeveloperAmazonGoogleOxford Semantic TechnologiesSingleStore Inc.
Initial release2017201520172013
Current release6.0, Septermber 20228.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++, Go
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux info64 bit version required
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoRDF schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes
Triggersnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesreplication via a shared file systemSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Roles, resources, and access typesFine grained access control via users, groups and roles

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud BigtableRDFoxSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
DB-Engines blog posts

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SingleStore: The Increasing Momentum of Multi-Model Database Systems
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