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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Tarantool vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Tarantool vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extensionDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score1.67
Rank#143  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#65  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#316  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.tarantool.ioterminusdb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.tarantool.io/­en/­docterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperAmazonFoundationDBVesoft Inc.VKDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release20172013201920082018
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.10.0, May 202211.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool EnterpriseOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C and C++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasStrong typed schemaFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnonoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query languageFull-featured ANSI SQL supportSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Open binary protocolOWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsLua, C and SQL stored proceduresyes
Triggersnonoyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.Graph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesCausal Clustering using Raft protocolAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
Journaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsin SQL-layer onlyyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes infousing RocksDByes, write ahead loggingyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noRole-based access controlAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
Role-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneFoundationDBNebulaGraphTarantoolTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneFoundationDBNebulaGraphTarantoolTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021,  Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor) 

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