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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. NebulaGraph vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. NebulaGraph vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeGraph DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score2.60
Rank#107  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
github.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperAmazonFoundationDBGoogleVesoft Inc.TDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release20172013200820192019
Current release6.2.28, November 20203.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxLinux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeStrong typed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.no
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query languageStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App Engineuser defined functionsno
TriggersnonoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesMulti-source replication using PaxosCausal Clustering using Raft protocolyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneFoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreNebulaGraphTDengine
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
TDengineā„¢ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
High Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
TDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
TDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
TDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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