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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSSearch engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.graphengine.iowww.h2database.comsolr.apache.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlsolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperAmazonGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MicrosoftThomas MuellerApache Software Foundation
Initial release20172012201020052006
Current release2.2.220, July 20239.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedhosted.NETAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyesSolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
Java.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'yesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava plugins
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesnoACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneFirebase Realtime DatabaseGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityH2Solr
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