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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. FoundationDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. FoundationDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.postgres-xl.orgpingcap.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databaseapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperAmazonGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014FoundationDBPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2017201220132014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB2016
Current release6.2.28, November 202010 R1, October 20188.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++CGo, Rust
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonosupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'in SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsno
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Linearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoin SQL-layer onlyyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACIDACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes, based on authentication and database rulesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneFirebase Realtime DatabaseFoundationDBPostgres-XLTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneFirebase Realtime DatabaseFoundationDBPostgres-XLTiDB
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