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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Derby vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Derby vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesWidely used in-process key-value storeTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedb.apache.org/­derbywww.leanxcale.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlpingcap.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperAmazonApache Software FoundationLeanXcaleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OraclePingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20171997201519942016
Current release10.17.1.0, November 202318.1.40, May 20208.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Go, Rust
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBCJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaC
Java
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Proceduresnono
Triggersnoyesyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonehorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesnoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBLeanXcaleOracle Berkeley DBTiDB
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