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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperAmazonCockroach LabsPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerWeaviate B.V.
Initial release201720151989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release23.1.1, May 202316.2, February 20241.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoCGo
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemayesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneCockroachDBPostgreSQLWeaviate
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
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Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCockroachDBPostgreSQLWeaviate
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