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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. Cubrid vs. Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. Cubrid vs. Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonCubrid  Xexclude from comparisonFujitsu Enterprise Postgres  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTPEnterprise-grade PostgreSQL-based DBMS with security enhancements such as Transparent Data Encryption and Data Masking, plus high-availability and performance improvement features.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.20
Rank#169  Overall
#78  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#285  Overall
#129  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.cockroachlabs.comcubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)
www.postgresql.fastware.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscubrid.org/­manualswww.postgresql.fastware.com/­product-manualswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonCockroach LabsCUBRID Corporation, CUBRID FoundationPostgreSQL Global Development Group, Fujitsu Australia Software TechnologyPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2017201520081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release23.1.1, May 202311.0, January 2021Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres 14, January 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC, C++, JavaCC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemayesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava Stored Proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonepartitioning by range, list and by hashpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replicationSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneCockroachDBCubridFujitsu Enterprise PostgresPostgreSQL
Specific characteristics100% compatible with community PostgreSQL
» more
Competitive advantagesBuilt-in TDE and Data Masking security. In-Memory Columnar Index, and a high speed...
» more
Typical application scenariosTransactional payments applications, reporting and mixed workloads.
» more
Market metricsOver 30 years experience in database technology. Over 20 years in Postgres development...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCore based licensing
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCockroachDBCubridFujitsu Enterprise PostgresPostgreSQL
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