DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. ClickHouse vs. JanusGraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. ClickHouse vs. JanusGraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.20
Rank	#119	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	16.34
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	1.94
Rank	#129	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

clickhouse.com

janusgraph.org

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

Developer

Amazon

Clickhouse Inc.

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

Vesoft Inc.

Initial release

2017

2016

2017

2019

2017

Current release

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

0.6.3, February 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

Clojure
Java
Python

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

key based and custom

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

yes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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