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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. ArangoDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Raima Database Manager vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. ArangoDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Raima Database Manager vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_Vista  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSRDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into an application or used as a database serverVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.32
Rank#90  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#259  Overall
#120  Relational DBMS
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunearangodb.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
raima.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.arangodb.comdocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.raima.comdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeFacebookInstagram
DeveloperAmazonArangoDB Inc.Vesoft Inc.Raima Inc.OpenLink Software
Initial release20172012201919841998
Current release3.11.5, November 202315, June 20217.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++C++CC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAndroid
HP-UX
Integrity RTOS
iOS
Linux
OS X
QNX
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionStrong typed schemayesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoExporting/Importing of XML structures possibleyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query languageyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Objective-C
PL/SQL
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptuser defined functionsyes infobased on the ANSI/ISO SQL Persistent Stored Modules (PSM) specificationyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infosince version 2.0Shardinghorizontal partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replication with configurable replication factorCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesRole-based access controlnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneArangoDBNebulaGraphRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_VistaVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Raima Database Manager (RDM) is an embedded time-series database optimized to run...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Decreased time-to-market Industry-standard interfaces & tools for making your job...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Typical use cases include: Internet of Things (IoT) Embedded In-Memory Database Time-Series...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Infor, ABB, The Boeing Company, BAE Systems, Dow Jones, Dun & Bradstreet, Fujitsu,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Over 30 000 applications developers worldwide have field-tested RDM products More...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Just as the technical aspects of Raima Database Manager are flexible, so are the...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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