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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Phoenix vs. H2 vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Phoenix vs. H2 vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunephoenix.apache.orgwww.h2database.comorientdb.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesphoenix.apache.orgwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperAmazonApache Software FoundationThomas MuellerOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release2017201420052010
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20192.2.220, July 20233.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-freeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, Javascript
TriggersnonoyesHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoHadoop integrationnono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache PhoenixH2OrientDB
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