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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache IoTDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache IoTDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneiotdb.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperAmazonApache Software FoundationLeanXcaleNeo4j, Inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20172018201520071994
Current release1.1.0, April 20235.20, May 202418.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes infothrough Apache Derbynoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
Native API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
Java
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handleryes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)yes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)no
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneApache IoTDBLeanXcaleNeo4jOracle Berkeley DB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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