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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2Microsofts flagship relational DBMSA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#233  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serversurrealdb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlkairosdb.github.iolearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serversurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release20172013201319892022
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.2.2, November 2018SQL Server 2022, November 2022v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++Rust
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infobased on Cassandratables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication factorselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberossimple password-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache ImpalaKairosDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSurrealDB
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