DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. InfinityDB vs. PostGIS

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. InfinityDB vs. PostGIS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interface

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.29
Rank	#113	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#365	Overall
	#55	Key-value stores

Score	21.72
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

impala.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

boilerbay.com

postgis.net

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

boilerbay.com/infinitydb/manual

postgis.net/documentation

Developer

Amazon

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Google

Boiler Bay Inc.

Initial release

2017

2013

2010

2002

2005

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

4.0

3.4.2, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

GPL v2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

nested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical â€˜tuple spaceâ€™ runtime Schema upgrade

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

all Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arrays

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

manual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capability

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/docs/ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

in JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

yes

based on PostgreSQL

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

selectable replication factor

none

yes

based on PostgreSQL

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

READ-COMMITTED or SERIALIZED

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

manual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capability

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Optimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loads

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

yes

based on PostgreSQL

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