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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAnalytic DBMS for HadoopLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSNative XML DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.84
Rank#135  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneimpala.apache.orgbasex.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.basex.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaBaseX GmbHMicrosoftOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20172013200720101998
Current release4.1.0, June 202211.0, June 2024V1211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSD licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infoXQuery supports typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesTransact SQLPL/SQL
Triggersnonoyes infovia eventsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication factornoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnomultiple readers, single writerACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache ImpalaBaseXMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTimesTen
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