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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. AnzoGraph DB vs. ArangoDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. AnzoGraph DB vs. ArangoDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonAnzoGraph DB  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudScalable graph database built for online analytics and data harmonization with MPP scaling, high-performance analytical algorithms and reasoning, and virtualizationNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score0.23
Rank#307  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Score3.32
Rank#90  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecambridgesemantics.com/­anzographarangodb.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.cambridgesemantics.com/­anzograph/­userdoc/­home.htmdocs.arangodb.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.nebula-graph.io
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeFacebookInstagram
DeveloperAmazonCambridge SemanticsArangoDB Inc.MicrosoftVesoft Inc.
Initial release20172018201220192019
Current release2.3, January 20213.11.5, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree trial version availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeschema-freeSchema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Strong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnonoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSPARQL and SPARQL* as primary query language. Cypher preview.noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Apache Mule
gRPC
JDBC
Kafka
OData access for BI tools
OpenCypher
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
Python
C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions and aggregatesJavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions
Triggersnononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneAutomatic shardingSharding infosince version 2.0Sharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication in MPP-ClusterSource-replica replication with configurable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Causal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoKerberos/HDFS data loadingno infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in MPP-ClusterEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsno infonot needed in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and rolesyesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneAnzoGraph DBArangoDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneAnzoGraph DBArangoDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraph
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