DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Ingres vs. LokiJS

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Ingres vs. LokiJS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Well established RDBMS

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.29
Rank	#113	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#260	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.actian.com/ingres

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

Developer

Amazon

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Actian Corporation

Initial release

2017

2012

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

Current release

11.2, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Server operating systems

hosted

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

yes

Ingres Replicator

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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