DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Snowflake vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Snowflake vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicity

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

www.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.snowflake.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

docs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-started

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Amazon

Circonus LLC.

Microsoft

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2012

2017

2014

2019

Current release

V0.10.20, January 2018

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

hosted

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

text, numeric, histograms

yes

JSON types

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)

SQL-like query language

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes, in Lua

JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

JavaScript

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Automatic, metric affinity per node

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

configurable replication factor, datacenter aware

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodes

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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