DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenSearch vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenSearch vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

GridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache Ignite

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Search engine

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	1.47
Rank	#154	Overall
	#26	Key-value stores
	#72	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

www.gridgain.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

orientdb.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

www.gridgain.com/docs/index.html

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

opensearch.org/docs/latest

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

Developer

Amazon

GridGain Systems, Inc.

Microsoft

Amazon Web Services

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Initial release

2012

2007

2014

2021

2010

Current release

GridGain 8.5.1

2.5.0, January 2023

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, C++, .Net

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDL

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)

JavaScript

yes

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes (cache interceptors and events)

JavaScript

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes (replicated cache)

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

yes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Security Hooks for custom implementations

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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