DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. FoundationDB vs. InfinityDB vs. LevelDB vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. FoundationDB vs. InfinityDB vs. LevelDB vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

A Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interface

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.45
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	1.06
Rank	#185	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#365	Overall
	#55	Key-value stores

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.07
Rank	#372	Overall
	#57	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

github.com/apple/foundationdb

boilerbay.com

github.com/google/leveldb

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

apple.github.io/foundationdb

boilerbay.com/infinitydb/manual

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

Developer

Amazon

FoundationDB

Boiler Bay Inc.

Google

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

2012

2013

2002

2011

2020

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

4.0

1.23, February 2021

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

nested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical â€˜tuple spaceâ€™ runtime Schema upgrade

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

all Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arrays

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

manual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capability

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/docs/ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

Java

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

READ-COMMITTED or SERIALIZED

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

manual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capability

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Optimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loads

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.