DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. ScyllaDB vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. ScyllaDB vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Cassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column store

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Key-value store
Wide column store

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Key-value store

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.45
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	1.06
Rank	#185	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	3.15
Rank	#95	Overall
	#14	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	4.08
Rank	#76	Overall
	#5	Wide column stores

Score	4.99
Rank	#65	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

github.com/apple/foundationdb

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.scylladb.com

trino.io

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

apple.github.io/foundationdb

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

docs.scylladb.com

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Amazon

FoundationDB

Google

ScyllaDB

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2013

2015

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Open Source (AGPL), commercial license available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaS

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

cluster global secondary indices

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

SQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

Proprietary protocol (CQL)

compatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

yes, Lua

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Linearizable consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Eventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

in-memory tables

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users can be defined per object

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

ScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
» more

Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
» more

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more

Typical application scenarios

ScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
» more

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more

Key customers

Discord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more

Market metrics

ScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
» more

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

ScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more

News

One busy week to go before Trino Fest 2024
6 June 2024

60: Trino calling AI
22 May 2024

Big names round out the Trino Fest 2024 lineup
8 May 2024

59: Querying Trino with Java and jOOQ
24 April 2024

A sneak peek of Trino Fest 2024
15 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.