DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. FoundationDB vs. GigaSpaces vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Hazelcast

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. FoundationDB vs. GigaSpaces vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Hazelcast

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

High performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented Transactions

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Values are user defined objects

Key-value store
Wide column store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Graph DBMS
Search engine

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	70.06
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	0.97
Rank	#191	Overall
	#32	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#87	Relational DBMS

Score	0.91
Rank	#197	Overall
	#33	Document stores
	#7	Object oriented DBMS

Score	2.97
Rank	#92	Overall
	#15	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	5.72
Rank	#59	Overall
	#6	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.gigaspaces.com

cloud.google.com/bigtable

hazelcast.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

apple.github.io/foundationdb

docs.gigaspaces.com/latest/landing.html

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

Developer

Amazon

FoundationDB

Gigaspaces Technologies

Google

Hazelcast

Initial release

2012

2013

2000

2015

2008

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

15.5, September 2020

5.3.6, November 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial licenses available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java, C++, .Net

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

XML can be used for describing objects metadata

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

SQL-99 for query and DML statements

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes, event driven architecture

yes

Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication

synchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication

synchronous or asynchronous

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

yes

Replicated Map

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

yes

Map-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executors

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANY

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control

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