DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenQM vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenQM vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Multivalue DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.27
Rank	#298	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Score	1.44
Rank	#158	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

duckdb.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

duckdb.org/docs

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Amazon

Microsoft

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2012

2018

2014

1993

2010

Current release

0.10, February 2024

3.4-12

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java, C++

Server operating systems

hosted

server-less

hosted

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

with some exceptions

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

yes

Java

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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