DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Dgraph vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Dgraph vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Well established RDBMS

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#358	Overall
	#36	Graph DBMS
	#16	Object oriented DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

dgraph.io

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

github.com/torodb/server

velocitydb.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

dgraph.io/docs

docs.actian.com/ingres

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

Developer

Amazon

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Actian Corporation

8Kdata

VelocityDB Inc

Initial release

2012

2016

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2016

2011

Current release

11.2, May 2022

7.x

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Any that supports .NET

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

.Net

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Ingres Replicator

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Based on Windows Authentication

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