DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. DataFS vs. GraphDB vs. Trino vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. DataFS vs. GraphDB vs. Trino vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

All data is stored inside objects which are linked by so-called link attributes. Objects consist of classes which can be extended and de-extended at runtime. Graphs can be defined with a struct.

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Object oriented DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Secondary database models

Graph DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.45
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	0.09
Rank	#360	Overall
	#17	Object oriented DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#91	Overall
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	4.99
Rank	#65	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	0.70
Rank	#230	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#106	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

dev.mobiland.com/Overview.xsp

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

typedb.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Amazon

Mobiland AG

Ontotext

Trino Software Foundation

Vaticle

Initial release

2012

2018

2000

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

2016

Current release

1.1.263, October 2022

10.4, October 2023

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Windows

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Classes, Structs, and Lists are written in proprietary DataTypeDefinitionLanguage (.dtdl) and Objects consisting of those are written in proprietary DataAccessDefinitionLanguage (.dadl)

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

depending on connected data-source

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API
Proprietary client DLL
WinRT client

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
VB.Net

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

no, except callback-events from server when changes happened

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Proprietary Sharding system

none

depending on connected data-source

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication

depending on connected data-source

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

depending on connected data-source

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

depending on connected data-source

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Windows-Profile

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

SQL standard access control

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
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Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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