DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. CouchDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. CouchDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Document store

Wide column store

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	9.30
Rank	#45	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	4.48
Rank	#75	Overall
	#6	Wide column stores

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

couchdb.apache.org

cloud.google.com/datastore

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/tables

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Amazon

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Google

Microsoft

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2012

2005

2008

2012

2010

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Erlang

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

using Google App Engine

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using Paxos

yes

implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

Access rights for users and roles

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