DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Citus vs. Galaxybase vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. HyperSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Citus vs. Galaxybase vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. HyperSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Scalable, ACID-compliant native distributed parallel graph platform

Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.45
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#377	Overall
	#40	Graph DBMS

Score	7.36
Rank	#53	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

www.citusdata.com

galaxybase.com

firebase.google.com/products/firestore

hsqldb.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

docs.citusdata.com

firebase.google.com/docs/firestore

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

Developer

Amazon

Chuanglin(Createlink) Technology Co., Ltd 浙江创邻科技有限公司

Google

Initial release

2012

2010

2017

2001

Current release

8.1, December 2018

Nov 20, November 2021

2.7.2, June 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

Open Source

based on BSD license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C and Java

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Browser interface
console (shell)
Graph API (Gremlin)
OpenCypher
Proprietary native API

Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Go
Java
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

user defined procedures and functions

yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes

yes, with Cloud Functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Using Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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