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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Citus vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. MySQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Citus vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. MySQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformWidely used open source RDBMS
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSSearch engineDocument storeRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached API
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score1083.74
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.citusdata.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.mysql.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.citusdata.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdev.mysql.com/­doc
DeveloperAmazonElasticGoogleOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun
Initial release20122010201020081995
Current release8.1, December 20188.6, January 20238.4.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
Implementation languageCJavaC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesusing Google App Engineyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdayesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)noES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDnoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBCitusElasticsearchGoogle Cloud DatastoreMySQL
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