DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Citus vs. Datomic vs. Faircom EDGE vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Citus vs. Datomic vs. Faircom EDGE vs. Google Cloud Spanner

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

FairCom EDGE is an Industry 4.0 solution built to integrate, collect, aggregate and synchronize mission-critical data in edge computing environments

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	0.02
Rank	#368	Overall
	#54	Key-value stores
	#156	Relational DBMS

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

www.citusdata.com

www.datomic.com

www.faircom.com/products/faircom-edge

cloud.google.com/spanner

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

docs.citusdata.com

docs.datomic.com

docs.faircom.com/docs/en/UUID-23d4f1fd-d213-f6d5-b92e-9b7475baa14e.html

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

Developer

Amazon

Cognitect

FairCom Corporation

Google

Initial release

2012

2010

2012

1979

2017

Current release

8.1, December 2018

1.0.6735, June 2023

V3, October 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Restricted, free version available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

ANSI C, C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Android
Linux

ARM, x86
Raspbian
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, ANSI Standard SQL Types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

ANSI SQL queries

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
Direct SQL
IoT Microservice layer
JDBC
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Clojure
Java

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
VB.Net

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

.Net, JavaScript, C/C++

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

File partitioning

Customizable business rules for partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

Synchronous and asynchronous realtime replication based on transaction logs

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

when using SQL

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

across SQL and NoSQL

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained user, group and file access rights managed across SQL (per ANSI standard) and NoSQL.

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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