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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Pinot vs. LevelDB vs. Riak KV vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Pinot vs. LevelDB vs. Riak KV vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score0.40
Rank#270  Overall
#125  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score4.10
Rank#82  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbpinot.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.pinot.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdwww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latestdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation and contributorsGoogleOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesOpenLink Software
Initial release20122015201120091998
Current release1.0.0, September 20231.23, February 20213.2.0, December 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editionOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++ErlangC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java JDK11 or higherIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnonoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnorestrictedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languagenonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBCHTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoErlangyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdanoyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"yes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneselectable replication factorChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)noyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infolinks between data sets can be storedyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noyes, using Riak SecurityFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBApache PinotLevelDBRiak KVVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBApache PinotLevelDBRiak KVVirtuoso
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